SIP Trunking is one of the core technologies behind modern business voice communication. But how does it actually work?

🔹 1. SIP Signaling
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) is used to establish, manage, and terminate voice calls between endpoints.

🔹 2. RTP Media
Once the call is established, RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) carries the actual voice packets between the endpoints.

🔹 3. SIP Trunk
A SIP trunk connects a business PBX or VoIP platform to a telecom carrier over an IP network, replacing traditional physical phone lines.

🔹 4. Session Border Controller (SBC)
An SBC can sit at the network edge to manage SIP traffic, provide security, control sessions, and help with interoperability.

🔹 5. Codec Selection
Voice is converted into digital packets using codecs such as G.711, G.729, or Opus. The codec affects bandwidth usage and voice quality.

The result is a flexible IP-based voice infrastructure that can scale more easily than traditional telephony systems.

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